Tactile maps: accessibility and social inclusion

Abstract

The tactile cartography is presented as a resource rarely used, but that is a source of transparent and objective information. Although there are many technological resources, there are possibilities to produce tactile maps using low cost materials. This article discusses the experience of the production of these maps. The first objective was to provide access to information for the visually impaired on the city of Maringá (historical evolution, physical characteristics, architectural plan, main cultural landmarks and urban characteristics) through the touch of hands. The second goal allowed the Museum of the Paraná Basin, the State University of Maringa, initiate discussions about accessibility and social inclusion of this population. There were two exhibitions that provided the coexistence of visually impaired children and adults allowing them to "exchange experience" which also showed to society, or at least part of these, the accessibility of cognitive resources used by this group. Although it is sought by various sectors of society the equality does not prevail; special needs are ignored in almost all aspects and the government is limited. Thus the cultural backgrounds bring questions, constructive and positive experiences in comparison with the general standard. Even for the visually impaired more active and adventurous, the obstacles to integration are enormous. The conditions of access are rare and much desired autonomy is under criterion of "time" and achievements.